When you’re developing a new product, accurate prototypes help to ensure that the final version is safe, accurate, and compliant with regulatory standards – but prototyping doesn’t need to be a slow, laborious, or expensive process. 3D printing drives quick and cost-effective prototyping even when products are highly intricate, reducing development time and costs.
Two technologies, in particular, Stereolithography (SLA) and Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM), are used in prototyping. In this article, we’ll compare FDM and SLA 3D printing methods, considering the key factors that will help you decide which method is best suited for your prototyping needs.
Detail
SLA printing is renowned for its exceptional detail and precision, making it the preferred choice for industries that require intricate prototypes, particularly in medical and dental applications. By utilising a laser-based curing process, SLA achieves flawless surfaces and fine details regardless of the material used. In contrast, FDM prints tend to have visible layer lines and rougher surfaces, so post-processing is necessary to achieve a flawless finish.
Quality
The quality of a 3D-printed prototype is influenced by resolution and accuracy. SLA prints have a higher resolution because the laser’s optical point determines the level of detail. In FDM, the quality of the prototype depends on other factors, particularly nozzle size and movement precision, resulting in less accurate and finely detailed prototypes. While FDM printing has improved in recent years, it still struggles to match the crisp details and smooth finishes that SLA consistently delivers.
Materials
Stereolithography and Fused Deposition Modelling use different materials which affect the applications for which they are suited. SLA employs liquid resin, which can be formulated for greater flexibility, durability, or biocompatibility. FDM, on the other hand, relies on plastic filaments like PLA, ABS, and PETG, which provide enhanced mechanical strength and heat resistance. The choice between the two methods depends on the desired material properties; for example, SLA is perfect for highly detailed applications, whereas FDM suits general-purpose prototypes that must be strong and durable.
Speed
When speed is a crucial factor, FDM typically outperforms SLA, because the extrusion-based process allows for faster production, particularly when high levels of detail are not a priority. SLA, while capable of producing detailed parts, requires additional time for curing and post-processing, which can slow down the overall workflow. For rapid prototyping where surface finish is not critical, FDM is the more efficient choice.
Cost
FDM remains the more cost-effective option for prototyping due to its lower material and equipment costs, making it the preferred choice for hobbyists and general prototyping. SLA, with its higher material costs and more complex post-processing requirements, is more suited for technical industries that demand high-fidelity prototypes.
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For more information about Complete Fabrication’s 3D prototyping services and how we can help your business, please read our case studies or call us on 01223 836837 to chat with one of our experts.
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